MiCA has split the European market in two
The EU's Markets in Crypto-Assets regime moved from theory to enforcement, and the effect
is stark: platforms with a licence passport across the bloc, and platforms without one
steadily lose access to it. For European users this is the most useful single filter
available — ask whether a venue holds an authorisation in a named EU member state,
not whether it "complies with regulations" in the abstract.
Account abstraction made self-custody survivable
Smart-contract wallets built on ERC-4337 support social recovery, spending
limits, session keys and sponsored gas. The old objection to self-custody — one lost
seed phrase and everything is gone — now has a real answer. If you rejected wallets
in 2022 on those grounds, the calculation has genuinely changed.
US tax reporting became automatic
Broker reporting on Form 1099-DA means US-facing platforms now report disposals
directly to the IRS, with cost-basis reporting phasing in behind it. The practical upshot:
keep your own records, because reconciling an exchange's basis calculation after the fact is
far harder than logging trades as you go.
Proof of reserves became table stakes — and stayed shallow
Post-2022, publishing a Merkle-tree reserve attestation became standard. It is better than
nothing and much less than an audit: reserves without a matching, verified statement
of liabilities prove very little. When you read one, look for who attested it, whether
liabilities are covered, and how recently it was refreshed.